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What Size of UPS Do I Need?

It can become more complicated than this, due to what is called load power factor. Basically this means that UPS actually have two ratings. One for VA and the other for Watts. They are not the same thing. For example, a unit rated at 1000VA cannot provide 1000W. It will most likely be rated at 700 or 800W. To get around this, the safe method is to establish your VA rating as above and multiplying this by 1.4, which will make sure that the UPS is adequately rated.

Sometimes your equipment will have a Watts or VA rating on. Unless it has both, also multiply these numbers by 1.4 to give you the size of UPS that you require.

Do the same for every piece of equipment you want to protect and add them all together.

What Kind of UPS do I need?

In simple terms, if your equipment is a computer, or operates from computer type power supplies (also known as Switched Mode Power Supplies), then you can use a UPS that has a square wave inverter. This will save you cost. The square wave isn&39;t much good for any equipment which is why you should only use such systems to allow you to ride through brief outages, or shut your equipment down in a proper manner.

If this is your requirement, then you can opt for Offline, or Line Interactive Square Wave UPS Systems.

If your equipment does not have a computer type power supply, or contains motors, pumps or compressors, then you cannot use a square wave UPS in any form. This may cause damage to the UPS, your equipment, or both. You need to have a sine-wave UPS system which means you require a line interactive sine wave UPS or an online double conversion UPS.

Online Double Conversion UPS provide the best levels of power protection, but they are "on" all the time and will have fans operating to keep them cool. As a result they are recommended for critical applications, but not recommended where you need a quiet operating environment, for example in a hospital ward, or in an office.

What is Runtime?

A note of caution is the mistaken belief that you can just add battery packs to a UPS in order to extend runtime. One point to consider is the recharge time of such batteries. Your normal UPS charger is rated at 1Amp. This provides a good 4 hour recharge time for attached batteries upto about 10AmpereHours. Start exceeding this attached battery capacity then your charger will struggle to recharge the batteries. You could find that you need days of recharge time in order to fully recover from a prolonged outage.

Another point is that not all UPS are designed for long operations from battery. Only online double conversion technology is appropriate for extended runtime performance.

The Runtime Charts

The times given on the runtime charts are approximate. These values have been calculated based upon discharge data for the size and quantity of batteries that the UPS contains. Certain assumptions have been made:

• A power factor of 0.7 has been used.
• An assumed end of discharge point of 1.65V per cell has been used. This may be different depending upon UPS model.
• The runtimes have been calculated using an algorithm that approximates the battery discharge curve under certain conditions only.
• Battery Performance is affected by a range of environmental factors that affect available runtime.
• No allowance has been made for inverter efficiency
• Times under 5 minutes may be very innacurate.

The runtime chart should only be used as a guide and does not define any definitive runtimes that will be obtained from the UPS in question. You should seek further clarification from the UPS specifications. However, since the method used is consistent across all UPS models, in can be used to compare one system against another to a reasonable degree.

How Do I calculate How Many Batteries I Need For My Inverter?

Use the calculator below to help you determine the AH of battery required for your inverter. Note that there are approximations for battery capacity, and this information should only be used as a guide.

Inverter Voltage	12V 24V 48V
Your Load	Watts
Runtime	1 hour 2 hours 3 hours 4 hours 5 hours 6 hours 7 hours 8 hours 9 hours 10 hours 11 hours 12 hours
Calculate	Ah
Solution